abstract：:The concept of presenting antigens in a repetitive array to obtain high titers of specific antibodies is increasingly applied by using surface-engineered viruses or bacterial envelopes as novel vaccines. A case for this concept was made 25 years ago, when producing high-titer antisera against ordered arrays of gp23, t...

journal_title：Journal of structural biology

authors： Baschong W,Hasler L,Häner M,Kistler J,Aebi U

更新日期：2003-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have previously reported the development of AutoEM, a software package for semi-automated acquisition of data from a transmission electron microscope. In continuing efforts to improve the speed of structure determination of macromolecular assemblies by electron microscopy, we report here on the performance of a new...

journal_title：Journal of structural biology

authors： Zhang P,Borgnia MJ,Mooney P,Shi D,Pan M,O'Herron P,Mao A,Brogan D,Milne JL,Subramaniam S

更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Accurate knowledge of defocus and tilt parameters is essential for the determination of three-dimensional protein structures at high resolution using electron microscopy. We present two computer programs, CTFFIND3 and CTFTILT, which determine defocus parameters from images of untilted specimens, as well as defocus and...

journal_title：Journal of structural biology

authors： Mindell JA,Grigorieff N

更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cryoelectron microscopy makes it possible to record high-resolution detail from large and complex structures. However, its application to understanding cellular structure is limited by the requirement that samples should be no thicker than approximately 0.5-1 microm. Therefore it is important to develop the ability to...

journal_title：Journal of structural biology

authors： Luther PK,Morris EP

更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Early electron microscope studies of developing wool and hair established that trichocyte (hard alpha-) keratin fibers have a composite structure in which filaments, subsequently shown to belong to the class of intermediate filaments (IF), were embedded in a matrix of sulfur-rich proteins. These studies also showed th...

journal_title：Journal of structural biology

authors： Fraser RD,Parry DA

更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Seeding has been critical for obtaining diffraction-quality crystals for many structures. In this article, applications and recommendations for seeding are presented based on examples from our laboratory and other groups. The implementation of seeding in high-throughput crystallization, robotics, and other emerging te...

journal_title：Journal of structural biology

authors： Bergfors T

更新日期：2003-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Microfluidics, or lab-on-a-chip technology, is proving to be a powerful, rapid, and efficient approach to a wide variety of bioanalytical and microscale biopreparative needs. The low materials consumption, combined with the potential for packing a large number of experiments in a few cubic centimeters, makes it an att...

journal_title：Journal of structural biology

authors： van der Woerd M,Ferree D,Pusey M

更新日期：2003-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Small-angle neutron scattering and contrast variation were used to study the solution structure of GroEL and GroEL/GroES chaperonins complexed with a nonnative variant of the polypeptide substrate, subtilisin (PJ9). The subtilisin was 86% deuterated (dPJ9) so that it contrasted sufficiently with the chaperonin, allowi...

journal_title：Journal of structural biology

authors： Krueger S,Gregurick SK,Zondlo J,Eisenstein E

更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Caliciviridae is a family of nonenveloped, icosahedral, positive-sense single-stranded RNA viruses. This family of viruses consists of both animal and human pathogens. Adapting human caliciviruses to cell culture has not been successful, whereas some animal caliciviruses, including San Miguel sea lion virus, have ...

journal_title：Journal of structural biology

authors： Chen R,Neill JD,Prasad BV

更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Collagen is the most important structural protein of the animal body. Its unique triple-helix structure and extremely high level of crystallinity make it exceptionally efficient in generating the second harmonic of incident light, and we show here how this leads to a novel mode of microscopy of immediate practical sig...

journal_title：Journal of structural biology

authors： Cox G,Kable E,Jones A,Fraser I,Manconi F,Gorrell MD

更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Three questions central to understanding the initiation of DNA replication in eukaryotes are: (1) Does DNA synthesis begin at a defined place? (2) What determines replication initiation sites? (3) What regulates an origin to fire only once per cell cycle? A key player in this is the origin recognition complex (ORC), r...

journal_title：Journal of structural biology

authors： Gerbi SA,Strezoska Z,Waggener JM

更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Processing of nuclear pre-mRNA is an important step in the regulation of gene expression and involves 5(')- and 3(')-end processing, splicing, and editing. Mammalian nuclear pre-mRNAs are assembled in large ribonucleoprotein (lnRNP) complexes, in which the entire population of nuclear pre-mRNA is individually packaged...

journal_title：Journal of structural biology

authors： Raitskin O,Angenitzki M,Sperling J,Sperling R

更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Light microscopy (LM) approaches are commonly used to attain a description of the cell structure. Even though LM, if compared to electron microscopy (EM), represents a very fast approach, its resolution is, in principle, much lower than in the case of EM. To improve the LM resolution, computational methods based on re...

journal_title：Journal of structural biology

authors： Malínský J,Koberna K,Bednár J,Stulík J,Raska I

更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The nuclear arrangement of the ABL, c-MYC, and RB1 genes was quantitatively investigated in human undifferentiated HL-60 cells and in a terminally differentiated population of human granulocytes. The ABL gene was expressed in both cell types, the c-MYC gene was active in HL-60 cells and down-regulated in granulocytes,...

journal_title：Journal of structural biology

authors： Bártová E,Kozubek S,Jirsová P,Kozubek M,Gajová H,Lukásová E,Skalníková M,Ganová A,Koutná I,Hausmann M

更新日期：2002-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:PU.1 and IRF-4, members of the Ets and interferon regulatory families of transcription factors, respectively, form a cooperative ternary complex that is implicated in the regulation of B-cell-specific gene expression. A portion of the cooperativity involves interaction between the PU.1 and IRF-4 DNA-binding domains. W...

journal_title：Journal of structural biology

authors： Escalante CR,Shen L,Escalante MC,Brass AL,Edwards TA,Singh H,Aggarwal AK

更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Beam damage is the main resolution-limiting factor when biological particles are observed by cryoelectron microscopy in a thin vitrified solution film. Furthermore, the low contrast of the specimen frequently makes observation difficult and limits the possibility of image processing. Cryo-negative staining, in which t...

journal_title：Journal of structural biology

authors： De Carlo S,El-Bez C,Alvarez-Rúa C,Borge J,Dubochet J

更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Using a 400-kV cryoelectron microscope, we have obtained tomographic reconstructions of frozen-hydrated sea urchin axonemes with 8-10-nm resolution, as assessed by detection of characteristic components including doublet microtubules, radial spokes, central sheath projections, and outer dynein arms. We did not detect ...

journal_title：Journal of structural biology

authors： McEwen BF,Marko M,Hsieh CE,Mannella C

更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The use of electron tomography has allowed the three-dimensional membrane topography of the mitochondrion to be better understood. The most striking feature of this topology is the crista junction, a structure that may serve to divide functionally the inner membrane and intermembrane spaces. In situ these junctions se...

journal_title：Journal of structural biology

authors： Renken C,Siragusa G,Perkins G,Washington L,Nulton J,Salamon P,Frey TG

更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Three-dimensional crystals were obtained for the membrane domain of the human erythrocyte anion exchanger (AE1, Band 3). Protein homogeneity and stability and the delicate balance between the detergent used and the amount of phospholipids copurifying are critical to the formation of three-dimensional crystals of the A...

journal_title：Journal of structural biology

authors： Lemieux MJ,Reithmeier RA,Wang DN

更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Control of tissue composition and organization will be a key feature in the development of successful products through tissue engineering. However, the mechanism of collagen fibril formation, growth, and organization is not yet fully understood. In this study we have examined collagen fibril formation in a wound heali...

journal_title：Journal of structural biology

authors： White JF,Werkmeister JA,Darby IA,Bisucci T,Birk DE,Ramshaw JA

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A comprehensive analysis of the sequences of all types of intermediate filament chains has been undertaken with a particular emphasis on those of segment 1A and linker L1. This has been done to assess whether structural characteristics can be recognized in the sequences that would be consistent with the role of each r...

journal_title：Journal of structural biology

authors： Smith TA,Strelkov SV,Burkhard P,Aebi U,Parry DA

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Titin is a giant elastic protein responsible for passive force generated by the stretched striated-muscle sarcomere. Passive force develops in titin's extensible region which consists of the PEVK segment in series with tandemly arranged immunoglobulin (Ig)-like domains. Here we studied the mechanics of tandem Ig segme...

journal_title：Journal of structural biology

authors： Watanabe K,Muhle-Goll C,Kellermayer MS,Labeit S,Granzier H

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Accurate image alignment is needed for computing three-dimensional reconstructions from transmission electron microscope tilt series. So far, the best results have been obtained by using colloidal gold beads as fiducial markers. If their use has not been possible for some reason, the only option has been the automatic...

journal_title：Journal of structural biology

authors： Brandt S,Heikkonen J,Engelhardt P

更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Eosinophils, basophils, and mast cells produce and secrete active substances whose role is to attack invading parasites and protect the host. In this study we use morphometric methods to study mast cells in the blind mole rat (Spalax ehrenbergi). The subterranean and solitary way of life of this species has led to the...

journal_title：Journal of structural biology

authors： Amihai D,Trachtenberg S,Terkel J,Hammel I

更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Since the foundation for the three-dimensional image reconstruction of helical objects from electron micrographs was laid more than 30 years ago, there have been sustained developments in specimen preparation, data acquisition, image analysis, and interpretation of results. However, the boxing of filaments in large nu...

journal_title：Journal of structural biology

authors： Zhu Y,Carragher B,Kriegman DJ,Milligan RA,Potter CS

更新日期：2001-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chaperonins mediate protein folding in an ATP-dependent manner. ATP binding and hydrolysis by chaperonins are subject to both homotropic and heterotropic allosteric regulation. In the case of GroEL and CCT, homotropic regulation by ATP is manifested in nested cooperativity, which involves positive intra-ring cooperati...

journal_title：Journal of structural biology

authors： Horovitz A,Fridmann Y,Kafri G,Yifrach O

更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two mechanisms have thus far been characterized for the assistance by chaperonins of the folding of other proteins. The first and best described is that of the prokaryotic chaperonin GroEL, which interacts with a large spectrum of proteins. GroEL uses a nonspecific mechanism by which any conformation of practically an...

journal_title：Journal of structural biology

authors： Llorca O,Martín-Benito J,Gómez-Puertas P,Ritco-Vonsovici M,Willison KR,Carrascosa JL,Valpuesta JM

更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:TheL-A virus (LAV) particle is a specialized compartment for the transcription and replication of double-stranded RNA. It is 390 A in diameter and infects yeast. The particle is formed by a capsid containing 120 copies of a 680-residue gene product arranged with T = 1 icosahedral symmetry, approximately two copies of ...

journal_title：Journal of structural biology

authors： Naitow H,Canady MA,Lin T,Wickner RB,Johnson JE

更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Methods predicting protein secondary structure improved substantially in the 1990s through the use of evolutionary information taken from the divergence of proteins in the same structural family. Recently, the evolutionary information resulting from improved searches and larger databases has again boosted prediction a...

journal_title：Journal of structural biology

authors： Rost B

更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Tricorn protease from Thermoplasma acidophilum is a hexameric enzyme; in vivo the hexamers assemble further to form large icosahedral capsids of 14.6 MDa. Recombinant Tricorn protease was purified as an enzymatically active hexamer of 0.72 MDa that formed crystals of octahedral morphology under low-ionic-strength cond...

journal_title：Journal of structural biology

authors： Bosch J,Tamura T,Bourenkov G,Baumeister W,Essen LO

更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We describe here a set of multiresolution visualization and docking procedures that we refer to as the Situs package. The package was developed to provide an efficient and robust method for the fitting of atomic structures into low-resolution data. The current release was optimized specifically for the visualization a...

journal_title：Journal of structural biology

authors： Wriggers W,Birmanns S

更新日期：2001-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In order to successfully perform the 3D reconstruction in electron tomography, transmission electron microscope images must be accurately aligned or registered. So far, the problem is solved by either manually showing the corresponding fiducial markers from the set of images or automatically using simple correlation b...

journal_title：Journal of structural biology

authors： Brandt S,Heikkonen J,Engelhardt P

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The assembly of the collagenous organic matrix prior to mineralization is a key step in the formation of bones and teeth. This process was studied in the predentin of continuously forming rat incisors, using unstained vitrified ice sections examined in the transmission electron microscope. Progressing from the odontob...

journal_title：Journal of structural biology

authors： Beniash E,Traub W,Veis A,Weiner S

更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To investigate the functional role of the nonhelical domains of the intermediate filament (IF) protein vimentin, we carried out transient transfection of constructs encoding fusion proteins of these domains with enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP). Expression of these fusion proteins did not have any effect on t...

journal_title：Journal of structural biology

authors： Lowrie DJ Jr,Stickney JT,Ip W

更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Microcrystals of the chlorophyll binding protein, CP43, isolated from spinach thylakoid membranes have been studied by electron microscopy both in negative stain and in vitreous ice. Image analyses of three characteristic views show that the crystals are built of five different layers perpendicular to the c-axis. Each...

journal_title：Journal of structural biology

authors： Büchel C,Morris E,Barber J

更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Omp21 protein from the proteobacterium Comamonas (Delftia) acidovorans belongs to the recently described beta8 family of outer membrane proteins, characterized by eight antiparallel beta-strands which form a beta-barrel. This family includes virulence proteins, OmpA and OmpX from Escherichia coli, and other relate...

journal_title：Journal of structural biology

authors： Baldermann C,Engelhardt H

更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Long-depth imaging of specific gene expression in the midgestation whole-mount mouse embryo (WME) is demonstrated with single-photon excitation (1PE) confocal fluorescence microscopy and fluorescence in situ hybridization. Expression domains of Pax-6 mRNA transcripts were labeled with an in situ hybridization probe th...

journal_title：Journal of structural biology

authors： Palmes-Saloma C,Saloma C

更新日期：2000-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Using Scatchard analysis, we have formulated as a function of time and pH the relationship between the binding of Congo red to Alzheimer's beta-amyloid and the aggregation number (i.e., monomer concentration within fibrils) as defined by nucleation-dependent self-assembly. This provides a basis on which to determine t...

journal_title：Journal of structural biology

authors： Inouye H,Kirschner DA

更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Amyloid formation is a key pathological feature of Alzheimer's disease and is considered to be a major contributing factor to neurodegeneration and clinical dementia. Amyloid is found as both diffuse and senile plaques in the parenchyma of the brain and is composed primarily of the 40- to 42-residue amyloid-beta (Abet...

journal_title：Journal of structural biology

authors： McLaurin J,Yang D,Yip CM,Fraser PE

更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hitherto, the packing arrangement of the aquaporin-1 (AQP1) tetramer in 2-dimensional (2-D) crystals (two-sided plane group p42(1)2) was observed to be largely similar (canonical crystal form) despite the difference in the source of the protein, the glycosylation state of the protein, the type of lipids, and the ratio...

journal_title：Journal of structural biology

authors： Ren G,Cheng A,Melnyk P,Mitra AK

更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00